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In this issue
Lamb
Marketing Workshop
Revenue Insurance for Hog Producers
Bean Leaf Beetle - What is Next?
Manure Management Considerations for 2002
Phosphorus in Cattle Feeding
Lamb Marketing Workshop
Dennis DeWitt, ISUE Livestock Field Specialist
Lambs varying in quality, including bucks, late
castrates, overfats, too lights, too heavy, parasitic, and bruised will be
viewed at the Iowa Lamb Corporation in Hawarden Monday, July 8 starting at
3:30 pm. We will be viewing reasons for condemnation as well as looking at
the ideal lamb in muscling, cutability, quality and weight.
Dr. Larry Holler, SDSU will be conducting an autopsy
of a sheep to determine cause of death. Dr. Holler will discuss and answer
questions about the National Scrapie Eradication Initiative.
Dr. Jeff Held, SDSU will discuss the Lamb Meat
Adjustment Assistance Program as well as what it takes to produce quality
lamb.
Following the program at Iowa Lamb Corporation, we
will move to the Big Sioux Shelter at the Oak Grove County Park, just east
of Hawarden on Highway 10. Go north on K-18 about 5.5 miles and follow signs
to the Big Sioux Shelter. The balance of the program and discussion will be
held here followed by a light meal of lamb burgers.
This will be an exciting opportunity to see live and
carcass lamb to help you improve your lambs to meet the needs of today’s
consumers. The Northwest Iowa Sheep Producers Association, Iowa State
University Extension Service and Iowa Lamb Corporation with partial funding
from the Iowa Lamb & Wool Promotion Board are sponsoring the Marketing
Wholesome Quality Lean Lamb workshop.
Revenue
Insurance for Hog Producers
Jerry Weiss, ISUE
Swine Field Specialist
The Risk
Management Agency has approved two new revenue insurance plans for hog
producers. The new products are:
*Livestock
Gross Margin (LGM)
*Livestock
Risk Protection (LRP)
Livestock
Gross Margin
The revenue that will be insured under LGM is actually the return over feed
costs. The guarantee is based on projections for three risky variables: the
price of market hogs, the price of corn and the price of soybean meal. These
are the most important determinants of gross margin that are beyond the
producer's control. LGM does not provide any guarantee against production
risks, such as disease or infertility.
This program
is based on six-month periods. Producers sign up in late July for August
through January marketings and late January for February through July
marketings. Coverage is limited to 15,000 hogs for each 6-month period.
Livestock Risk
Protection
The LRP protects against declining hog prices only. Coverage levels of 70 to
95 percent of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange lean hog futures contract
price can be fixed for 90, 120, 150 or 180 days into the future. If the
average of the last two days of the American Marketing Service cash index
price on the day the hogs are sold is below the guaranteed level, the
producer receives a payment for the difference on the actual quality
insured.
For LRP
coverage a producer must apply for and be issued a policy. Coverage
endorsements may then be purchased on individual batches of hogs at any
time. Coverage is limited to 10,000 hogs per endorsement and 32,000 per
year (July 1 - June 30).
The Livestock
Gross Margin and the Livestock Risk Protection program are both pilot
programs in Iowa for hogs raised in Iowa. Neither of these insurance
products will insure a profit. They are designed to help avert disastrous
drops in hog prices and/or increases in feed costs.
For additional
information you may contact - Jerry Weiss, 712-335-3103
Bean Leaf Beetle – What is Next?
Paul Kassel, ISUE Crops Field Specialist
Overwintering beetles –
the beetles that damaged newly emerged soybeans - are now dead. However,
they have laid eggs. These eggs will soon be hatching. The resulting
larvae will feed on soybean roots. There is no economic damage from this
root feeding.
The bean leaf beetle adult will emerge in early to
mid-July. This is called the first generation. These beetles will feed on
soybean leaves and will cause very little damage.
However, the first generation will lay eggs
that will produce the second generation. The first and second generation
will appear to be continuous. The second generation will cause the most
damage to soybeans because they feed on soybean pods.
How do we manage this
pest? Your management strategy will depend on your need to prevent bean pod
mottle virus, prevent pod feeding or both.
If we want to prevent Bean Pod Mottle Virus:
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You would have needed to spray soybeans as the beetles emerged in
early May. This would have prevented the beetles from infecting the newly
emerging soybeans. Likewise, you would need to spray the emerging beetles
in early July to prevent further infections.
If you want to prevent
pod feeding:
-
Include a residual insecticide with your last herbicide application
in mid-July. The idea is to kill the first generation so that the second
generation is prevented or greatly reduced. The overlapping nature of the
first and second generations may make this strategy less than effective.
-
Scout the first generation beetles in July. Thresholds are available
that will enable you to predict the size and potential damage from the
second generation based on the size of the first generation. Insecticides,
if needed, would be applied in August. This strategy presents a good
alternative in terms of ease of scouting, and timeliness of insecticide
application to accommodate insecticide preharvest intervals.
-
Scout second-generation beetles in August. Thresholds exist that
predict the damage to soybean pods based on the size of second-generation
population. Ease of scouting is less with this strategy and it may be more
difficult to comply with insecticide pre-harvest intervals.
Please contact your ISU
extension office for more information.
Manure Management Considerations for 2002
Kris Kohl, ISUE Ag Engineer Field Specialist
The Legislature passed
S.F. 2293, which will make it more difficult to site new confinement
facilities, require manure management plans to be submitted annually, pay an
annual compliance fee, and convert manure plans from a nitrogen base to a
phosphorus index base. Lets look at each one of these a little deeper in
turn.
Siting new
facilities: Facilities smaller
than 1250 finishing pigs or 500 animal units are exempt from siting
regulations. Medium size units must submit a manure management plan and go
through a siting matrix. If awarded enough points the facility receives
approval. This medium size category has been raised to 7500 finishing pigs
or 3,000 animal units. While a construction permit is required the producer
and contractor can submit all of the necessary documentation if concrete is
used to hold the manure. This is actually a little less restrictive than
before. Larger sites will be nearly impossible to site because of
separation distance requirements, engineering permits and local opposition.
Currently the DNR is
working on an electronic version of the manure management plan
document. While it is still in the alpha stage of debugging it looks
promising to simplify the annual submission process. The biggest difficulty
I see is the case of a contract grower who is responsible for the manure
plan but the swine owner is responsible for the annual fee. Electronic
payment is normally done with a credit card.
The first Phosphorus
Index plans will be done two years from now. The Index determines a
risk of phosphorus entering surface water. Soil erosion is a big key and
soil conservation will have a big impact on reducing the index risk. A
downloadable version is available at: http://www.ia.nrcs.usda.gov/
I have worked through
several with low erosion and Bray 1 soil test levels at over 200 and still
ended up in the low risk area.
What should you do?
First keep a positive attitude. Test your manure to be sure that it has the
plant nutrients needed for optimal production. I am offering a pit test
that can be collected from the surface several weeks prior to application to
determine the proper rate. It would be wise to calibrate your spreader.
Our research shows that the average spreader held about 20% less than the
producer thought it did.
Phosphorous in Cattle Feeding
Pete Olson, ISUE Beef Field Specialist
Researchers at
the University of Nebraska-Lincoln set out to determine the P requirement
for a group of finishing steer calves. A group of 45 steer calves were
individually fed for 204 days to determine their P requirements. A
finishing ration including: 33.5 high moisture corn, 30% brewers grits, 20%
corn bran, 7.5% cottonseed hulls, 3% tallow and 6% supplement was used to
finish the calves. Treatments included 0.16 (no supplemental inorganic P),
0.22, 0.28, 0.34 and .40 % P (DM basis). The first treatment was the actual
amount of P that the ration provided from the grain.
Blood was
sampled every 56 days to assess P status. At slaughter front legs bones
were recovered to determine bone ash and P resorption from bone. What were
the results? Dry matter intake and average daily gain did not differ among
treatments. Feed efficiency was not influenced by P. Total P intake ranged
from 14.2 to 35.5 g/day across treatments. The 1996 NRC recommendation for
these calves was 18.7 g/day assuming 68% absorption. Based on these results
the author concludes that the lowest level of P fed in this trial (14.2
g/day) will not harm performance or feed efficiency. Typical corn based
rations at this level of P or higher do not need supplementation of
inorganic P to meet P requirements.
To read the
article in its entirety, it is published in the Journal of Animal Science.
If you have access to the internet please use this URL:
http://www.asas.org/jas/papers\2002\a0261690.pdf
Article title
is: "Phosphorus requirements of finishing feedlot calves".
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