Chondroitin Sulfate
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a long sugar molecule synthesized by chondrocyte cells in cartilage tissue. The majority of cartilage tissue is found in joints, and CS increases the elasticity of the joints by drawing in fluid. CS also works to inhibit enzymes that break down cartilage and fluid of the cartilage.
Claimed Health Beliefs
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Decreases pain associated with osteoarthritis pain
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Protects joints and tendons from injury due to sports
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Decreases inflammation
Food Sources
None
Dose
CS is usually sold in capsule form containing 250mg – 750 mg per capsule. Glucosamine and mucopolysaccharides are also added to the CS capsule because they also promote joint health. Most products recommend taking 1200 mg CS/day.
Evidence for Health Beliefs
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In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 85 patients with knee osteoarthritis were divided into two groups; one received 800 mg CS/day, and the one received a placebo pill. After six months of taking the supplements, the CS group had significantly decreased joint pain and significantly increased functional status and quality of life. The CS group also showed signs of improved walking ability (1).
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Another double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 60 patients with knee osteoarthritis showed significant improvement in joint mobility. Patients (n=30) receiving the CS experienced significant improvements in joint pain and overall mobility. The metabolism of the bone and joints (assessed by various biochemical markers) were also stabilized in the CS group, while still remaining abnormal in the placebo group (2).
Cautions
Chondroitin Sulfate has not been associated with any adverse side effects.
References
1. Bucsi L, Poor G. Efficacy and tolerability of oral chondroitin sulfate as a symptomatic slow-acting drug for osteoarthritis (SYSADOA) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 1998;6(suppl A):31-36.
2. Uebelhart D, Thonar EJ, Dlemas PD, et al. Effects of oral chondroitin sulfate on the progression of knee osteoarthritis: a pilot study. Osteoarthritis Cartialge. 1998;6(suppl A):39-46.
3. SupplementWatch, Inc. (2002) Supplement Decisions Made Easy. http://www.supplementwatch.com/supatoz/supplement.asp?supplementId=82 Accessed May 1, 2003.
4. Sarubin A. The Health Professional’s Guide to Popular Dietary Supplements. Chicago, IL: The American Dietetic Association; 2000.