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H2S Control for Animal Housing Systems with Liquid Manure - Filtration and Biofiltration
Filters function by trapping particles and emissions.
Biofilters not only trap emissions but also provide an environment
for aerobic biological degradation of trapped compounds. Biofilters
have been developed to reduce emissions from deep-pit manure ventilation
exhaust, and, to a lesser extent, from the building exhaust. Although
mechanical filtration may be costly, biofiltration can be a low-cost
means of effectively reducing exhaust odors. Biofilters must be designed to provide suitable conditions for the growth of a mixture of aerobic bacteria within the biofilter. These bacteria will degrade the odorous compounds to less odorous end products. Oxygen concentration, temperature, residence time, and moisture content are among the parameters that must be considered when building a biofilter. Although management must be taken into consideration, it is clear that low-cost biofiltration systems ($150-200 per 1,000 cfm of air treated) can be implemented in livestock housing facilities using mechanical ventilation. Extension Publications
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Biofiltration costs
for a 700-head farrow-to-wean swine facility are estimated at $0.25
per piglet, amortized over a 3-year life of the biofilter. Hydrogen
sulfide reductions at that operation exceeded 90 percent, and similar
reductions occur in odor (90 percent) and ammonia emissions (74
percent). Similar hydrogen sulfide and odor reductions were observed
using biofiltration on a dairy facility. Because of the dust generated
in the building, biofilter performance on a poultry facility was
poorer (< 40 percent hydrogen sulfide and odor reduction).
