Ammonia Emission - Liquid Systems

Ammonia Emission - Liquid Systems - Animal Housing Practices

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Ammonia Emission Control for Liquid Manure Storage Practices - Urine-Feces Segregation

Pro	Con
Little opportunity for ammonia to form resulting in almost 100% effectiveness	Retrofit of manure handling system required
	Separation of urine and feces must be maintained during long-term storage for benefit
	Impact on other gases undetermined

Because ammonia results from the interaction of urine and feces in swine and ruminants, efforts to separate them immediately upon excretion have reduced ammonia emissions successfully. Manure handling systems designed to prevent urease from coming into contact with urea are under investigation. Most systems employ a separator or a belt conveyor whereby feces, containing urease, are captured on the belt and urine is stored below. A much as 80 percent reduction in ammonia emissions is expected from using this system but the practice has not yet been commercially implemented. However, several urine/feces segregation systems are in the developmental phase at this time.

Extension Publications

PM 1971a Practices to Reduce Ammonia Emissions from Livestock Operations (pdf)
PM 1971b Practices to Reduce Ammonia Emissions from Livestock Operations Flowchart (pdf)
PM 1990 Instruments for Measuring Concentrations and Emissions Rates of Gasses and Particulates From Animal Feeding Operations (pdf)
EDC 162h Air Quality and Animal Agriculture (pdf)
PM 1936 Air Quality Resources for Iowa Animal Agriculture (pdf)
PM 1935 Gaseous Emissions from Animal Agriculture (pdf)

Abstracts, Conference Proceedings, Presentations and Reports

Journal Articles

Newsletter Articles

EPA releases the Animal Feeding Operations Air Quality Compliance Agreement