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Ammonia Emission Control for Liquid Manure Storage Practices - Permeable Barriers
Permeable covers, or biocovers, act as biofilters
on the top of manure storage areas. Materials often used as covers
include straw, cornstalks, peat moss, foam, geotextile fabric and
Leka rock. Permeable biocovers reduce emissions, in part, by reducing
both the radiation onto the manure storage surface and the wind
velocity over the liquid surface of the storage area. At the solution/air
interface, humidity is relatively high, which creates a stabilized
boundary that slows the emission rate of odorous volatiles. The
aerobic zone within the biocover allows the growth of aerobic microorganisms
that utilize the carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur from the emissions
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growth. By further degrading and making use of these compounds
prior to exiting the biocover, odors emitted from the biocover
are altered and reduced. Report of odor reductions of 40 to 50
percent are common whenever various straw materials are used. An
odor reduction efficiency of 85 percent has been noted following
the use of a floating mat or corrugated materials. Although ammonia
emission reductions are undocumented, the processes that occur
in the biocovers suggest that ammonia emissions may be reduced
to the same extent.
