Ammonia Emission Control for Liquid Manure Land Application Practices - Injection

Injection or incorporating manure shortly after surface application can best prevent nitrogenous emissions that result from land application, in addition to reducing odorous emissions. Costs to inject manure are estimated to be $0.003 per gallon above the cost to haul and spread liquid manure. A portion of the added costs can be recaptured, agronomically, in the form of reduced nitrogen losses for injected manure versus broadcast application. The benefits or reduced nitrogen losses through volatilization can also be realized by incorporation after broadcast application.

Extension Publications

• PM 1971a Practices to Reduce Ammonia Emissions from Livestock Operations (pdf)
• PM 1971b Practices to Reduce Ammonia Emissions from Livestock Operations Flowchart (pdf)
• PM 1990 Instruments for Measuring Concentrations and Emissions Rates of Gasses and Particulates from Animal Feeding Operations (pdf)
• PM-1754e Iowa Odor Control Demonstration Project-Soil Injection (pdf)
• EDC 162h Air Quality and Animal Agriculture (pdf)
• PM-1935 Gaseous Emissions from Animal Agriculture (pdf)
• PM-1936 Air Quality Resources for Iowa Animal Agriculture (pdf)
• Publication Number 442-110 Ammonia Emissions and Animal Agriculture (pdf)

Abstracts, Conference Proceedings, Presentations and Reports

• The Scientific Basis for Estimating Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations: Interim Report
• Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations: Current Knowledge, Future Needs
• The Significance of Ammonia to Coastal and Estuarine Areas
• Measurement of the decrease of ammonia emission by manure injection relative to surface application: a field test at Zegveld

Journal Articles

Newsletter Articles

• Control the factors you can to minimize nitrogen losses

Other Links

• Section 3 Outdoor Air Quality (MWPS-18)