Name:
Darrell W. Trampel, DVM, PhD, Extension Poultry Veterinarian and Poultry Diagnostician; Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine
Fiscal Year:
2011
Supports Plan of Work Number:
180 – Other ANR Programs
Title of Success Story:
Diagnosis of Poultry Diseases
Situation:
Iowa is the No. 1 egg producing state in America with over 60 million laying hens. The egg industry continues to grow in this state and Hy-Line International is the world’s largest source of genetics for egg-type chickens. Iowa produces approximately 8.0 million turkeys per year. A significant broiler industry is centered around Agri-Star in Postville, IA which is a kosher processing plant. Iowa has the one of the nation’s largest producer of quail eggs and chicks and this country’s largest producer of Hungarian partridge.
A certain degree of mortality is associated with commercial production of poultry. For example, livability of turkeys between placement in the brooder house as poults and marketing at 18 weeks is approximately 90%. In addition to diseases that cause mortality, other subclinical disease conditions exist that do not kill the birds but reduce the rate of gain and feed efficiency of a flock.
Objective:
A major part of the job responsibilities of the ISU extension poultry veterinarian is to provide diagnostic assistance to Iowa’s commercial poultry producers, gamebird producers, and owners of small-scale or hobby flocks. In addition to serving as the poultry diagnostician in the ISU Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Dr. Trampel serves as the co-oordinator of two state-wide poultry disease surveillance programs: a) Avian Influenza in turkey and chicken flocks and b) Salmonella enteritidis monitoring of commercial egg-type chicken flocks.
Activities/Output: The poultry diagnostic cases from January 1, 2010 through December 31, 2010 are listed below.
Test Report Name |
|
No. Access-ions |
Total tests |
|
Avian influenza AGID - 1 |
|
992 |
16137 |
|
Avian influenza AGID - EY |
|
124 |
1779 |
|
Avian influenza ELISA |
|
16 |
429 |
|
Bacterial ID Extended |
|
9 |
10 |
|
Bacterial ID Short |
|
67 |
121 |
|
Culture Saved |
|
3 |
3 |
|
Culture Summary |
|
7 |
7 |
|
E. coli K99 LA Typing |
|
1 |
2 |
|
Egg Culture - Negative |
|
2 |
54 |
|
Enrichments |
|
5 |
5 |
|
Fecal Flotation |
|
2 |
4 |
|
Hematoxylin and Eosin Slides |
|
160 |
881 |
|
Identification System |
|
18 |
22 |
|
Necropsy (juvenile - adult) |
|
96 |
96 |
|
Necropsy (neonate - fetus) |
|
55 |
55 |
|
PCR - Avian influenza virus |
|
7 |
69 |
|
PCR - based detection |
|
1 |
1 |
|
Poultry - Salmonella Enviromental Positive |
|
7 |
52 |
|
Poultry - Salmonella Enviromental Suspicious |
|
4 |
19 |
|
Poultry - Salmonella Environmental Negative |
|
206 |
955 |
|
Poultry - Salmonella Environmental Positive |
|
265 |
1720 |
|
Poultry - Salmonella Environmental Suspicious |
|
139 |
387 |
|
Poultry Salmonella-Culture Confirmation |
|
161 |
2533 |
|
Poultry Salmonella Culture Screen |
|
503 |
5897 |
|
Poultry Susceptibility |
|
64 |
95 |
|
Pullorum-typhoid AGG |
|
1 |
1 |
|
Routine Culture |
|
165 |
376 |
|
Salmonella Id |
|
32 |
35 |
|
Salmonella Identification (NVSL FDA) |
|
103 |
107 |
|
Salmonella Identification (NVSL) |
|
166 |
431 |
|
Serogrouping Lancefield & Salmonella |
|
1 |
2 |
|
Slant Request |
|
2 |
2 |
|
Tetra enrichment |
|
60 |
155 |
|
Type A Rotavirus antigen-capture ELISA |
|
9 |
9 |
|
Virus Isolation – Avian Influenza Virus |
|
93 |
98 |
|
Total |
|
5 |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Iowa State University’s Laboratory Information Management System indicates that for 2010, 156 cases involved necropsy, and 159 cases involved histopathology, and 249 cases involved either necropsy or histopathology. Dr. Trampel served as coordinator for 266 cases.
Cases for avian species for which necropsy, histopathology, or both were performed and a written report was prepared in 2010.
Egg-type Chickens (Layers) 153
Meat-type Chickens (Broilers) 14
Turkeys 9
Pigeons 1
Quail 3
Guinea fowl 3
Partridge 14
Pheasants 3
Total 200
Impact/Outcomes:
This work provides vital support for Iowa’s poultry and gamebird industries in general as well as for specific companies, such as Hy-Line North America and Hy-Line International. Poultry producers receive individual attention and the most rapid diagnoses that science will allow. A rapid diagnosis permits early intervention via vaccination, antibiotic therapy, or management changes which greatly reduce the morbidity and mortality in affected flocks. In addition to protecting bird health, monitoring programs for avian influenza and Salmonella enteritidis are potential zoonotic diseases and ongoing surveillance programs are important for protecting public health.
CONTACT
Dr. Darrell W. Trampel
Building 1, VMRI,
1802 Elwood Drive
Iowa State University
Ames, Iowa 50011-1240
(515) 294-0710
dtrampel@iastate.edu
Page last updated:
June 19, 2011
Page maintained by Julie Honeick, jhoneick@iastate.edu
